Rewilding in Nalibokskaya Pushcha

Abstract

Process of a rewilding, as the latest nature protection ideologies which is based on restoration of highly productive ecosystems, characteristic for a certain region, by stage-by-stage return of the remained large animals, or socalled types engineers in places of a primordial area where earlier they were completely exter-minated by the person is considered. The analysis of a revaylding in the conditions of Belarus is made for the first time for the territory of one of the largest fore st complexes of Eastern Europe – the Naliboksky dense forest. The specific structure of megafauna of the Nali boksky dense forest, and also process of restoration of populations of such large phytophages as a red deer and a bison is studied. For a local site population density of representatives of megafauna is studied: bison, elk, red deer, roe, boar, bear, wolf and lynx. Calculation of impact of phytophages on forest ecosystems by calculation of the consumed phytoweight is made. The main forms of influence of views engineers of forest ecosys tems – zoogene glades and reservoirs, and their value for increase of heterogeneity of habitat and preservation of a biodiversity are considered. For further restora-tion of ecosystems of the woods, characteristic for the doagrikulturnykh, the list of the types which are of interest to the subsequent installation is offered: fallow deer European, Przhevalsky’s horse, tur cattle.