Reforestation in republic of Belarus subject to foreign experience

Abstract

Reforestation can be done by various methods: artificial, natural and combined. In the various countries the share of participation of each method is various. The analysis of carrying out of reforestation of some developed and neighboring countries has shown that in many of them the basic method is artificial. In Sweden the method of forest cultures is used on 75 %, in Finland – 84%, in Czech Republic – 78%, in Poland – 85%, in Ukraine – 79%. In Germany a share of natural restoration of woods is more than 50%, in Lithuania – 25%, however 31% from total amount is mixed forest cultures. In Russia the method of natural renewal is used on 78% of sites, but growth of volumes of use of a containerized planting material and mixed forest cultures is observed. In Belarus on a share of creation of forest cultures is 55%, natural growing over – 32%, assistance to natural renewal – 13%, including by creation of is mixed forest cultures is about 2% from total amount of renewal of woods. Application of natural renewal does not allow to raise capability of forest and quality of forest considerably. For achievement of this purpose with simultaneous preservation of a genetic variety of forest it is necessary to introduce more widely mixed forest cultures with usage of a selection planting material. Important question is creation of forest seed plantations of the second order. However here it is necessary to direct efforts to increase in quantity of elite trees and quality check of creation and carrying out of actions of already existing plantations. Introduction of new methods of treatment of soil, working out of a design of the planting machine, perfection of technology of carrying of forest cultures is important too.